FACTORS OF LYMPH FLOW AND THORACIC DUCT 

Petrenko Valeriy Mikhaylovich, Doctor of medical sciences, professor, senior staff scientist, “OLME” LLC (13/7 11-Krasnoarmeyskaya street, Saint-Petersburg, Russia), E-mail: deptanatomy@hotmail.com 

611.4 

10.21685/2072-3032-2018-4-5 

Background. The thoracic duct is often the object of morphological and physiological studies. The lymphatic flow in the thoracic duct has a pendulum character. Its regulation is determined by factors of two groups: the vasal – structures of the walls of the lymphatic bed, primarily – permanent and multiple valves (passive limitation of reverse lymph flow) and smooth myocytes (active maintenance of the rate of lymph flow); the extravasal – effects on the lymphatic bed of the surrounding organs, vessels and other structures. A study to consider the features of the shape, structure of the wall and topography of the thoracic duct from the standpoint of compliance with the factors of lymph flow in the thoracic duct.
Results. The results showed a correlation of structural features and topography of the thoracic duct. This indicates the adaptation of the thoracic duct to regional and local conditions of lymph flow so that external factors of lymph flow are maximally involved in the organization of lymph flow from the thoracic duct, including by minimizing the negative effect of gravity when upright in man. The same is aimed at the development of valves and muscle of the thoracic duct (vasal or internal factors of lymph flow), uneven throughout it, which reaches the greatest extent in places of the same resistance to direct lymph flow in the duct. The topography of the thoracic duct describes his environment-a source of extravasal factors of lymph flow, they affect the lymph flow through the duct walls. The latter is under the influence of extravasal, external factors of lymph flow (~topography of the thoracic duct), and the lymph flow itself, along with it is a source of its vasal or internal factors.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that the external and internal structure of the thoracic duct as a whole and their local features throughout it can be judged on the passive lymph flow in the duct and its extravasal factors. Active lymph flow in the thoracic duct occurs when muscle contraction of its walls as a result of inhibition of the base, passive lymph flow in the duct, with a deficit of energy of extravasal factors of lymph flow and duct valves. 

factors of lymph flow, thoracic duct 

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